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Editorial
Уважаеми читатели,
За нас е удоволствие да Ви представим първият брой на сп. „Обучение по природни науки и върхови технологии“ за 2025 година!
През изминалата 2024 г. се проведе първото издание на конкурса за научна статия на тема „Природни науки и иновации в образованието“, обявен от редакционната колегия на списанието и осъществен с подкрепата на издателство „Аз-буки“. Участие в конкурса взеха докторанти, постдокторанти, млади учени от български висши училища и научни организации. Те представиха свои оригинални научни статии в областта на образованието по природни науки и свързаните с него области за всички образователни нива. Сред лауреатите бяха д-р Асен Стоянов от Софийския университет, както и Станислава Йорданова и Катерина Сакалийска от Пловдивския университет, които предложиха практики и модели, интегриращи съвременната наука в училищната среда. Отличените статии, както и тези, които получиха положителна рецензия, бяха публикувани в списанието. Конкурсът беше посветен на 160 години от рождението на енциклопедичния български химик проф. Пенчо Райков. автор на първия български оригинален изследователски труд в областта на химията, публикуван през 1886 г. в немското реферативно списание Chemisches Central-Blatt.
В шестте книжки на списанието поместихме общо 24 публикации, всичките видими в световните бази данни, в които е индексирано сп. „Обучение по природни науки и върхови технологии“: Central and Eastern European Online Library (CEEOL), EBSCO and Google Scholar. Наши автори през годината бяха утвърдени учени и млади изследователи от България и чужбина. В следване на целите и обхвата на списанието, публикуваните в него през 2024 г. статии обогатиха рубриките „Образование: теория и практика“; „Нови подходи“; „Неформално образование“; „Новата информационна среда“; „Ефективност на обучението“; „От изследователските лаборатории“; „Добри практики в класната стая“; „Наука и общество“; „История и философия на науката“.
През 2025 г. започваме 34-тата годишнина на списанието, което вече ще излиза в 4 книжки, издавани на всеки три месеца от годината. Стремежът е към разширяване на авторския кръг, към привличането като автори не само на утвърдени и млади учени от България и чужбина, но и на учители от цялата страна. С предстоящото въвеждане на платформата ScholarOne целим още по-ефективно управление на редакционния процес от подаването до приемането на ръкописите. Фокусът ни ще бъде насочен приоритетно към индексиране на списанието в Chemical Abstracts (CAS), European Reference Index for the Humanities and the Social Sciences (ERIH PLUS) and Web of Science.
В следване на заложените високи научни стандарти, сп. „Обучение по природни науки и върхови технологии“ ще продължи да осигурява среда за споделяне и обсъждане на теоретични, експериментални и методически изследвания в областта на образованието по природни науки и свързаните с него области за всички образователни нива.
Благодарим на всички автори, рецензенти и читатели за интереса и подкрепата към нашето списание!
Boian Koulov
Editor-In-Chief
University Chemistry and Pharmacy Students’ Approaches to Learning
Hristo Hristov, Alexandria Gendjova
Sofia University
https://doi.org/10.53656/nat2025-1.03
Absract. The present study1 aims to investigate the approaches to learning of students from the Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Sofia University, depending on factors such as course of study (age), professional field and gender. A standardized questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) was used, covering the two main approaches to learning – deep and surface, with accompanying them motivations and strategies. 124 students participated in the survey (38 in Chemistry and 86 in Pharmacy). They responded in the context of the chemical disciplines.
It was found that with increasing course of study (age), Chemistry Chemistry students strive more for a deep understanding of the study material, combined with motivation (DeepMot), while those from Pharmacy seek not so much comprehension as its selective memorization (DeepStr). Chemistry fourth-year students to a greater extent prefer deep learning approaches (DeepMot, DeepStr) compared to those in PharmacyNo statistical difference between the learning approaches of students of different genders.
The results obtained can be a basis for further research and taking future actions for success or overcoming unfavorable factors for learning.
Keywords: approaches to learning; Higher education; Chemistry and Pharmacy students
Application of the Conceptual Map Method in Teaching the Sections “Electromagnetic Phenomena” and “Light” of the Content of Physics and Astronomy in 10th Grade for Forming Students’ Concepts about the Nature of Light
Nina Gereva
University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”
https://doi.org/10.53656/nat2025-1.01
Absract. The concept map method allows for structuring knowledge in its interconnectedness and hierarchy. It is based on Ausubel's theory of meaningful learning. The article describes practical experience in applying this method in the learning process by compiling two concept maps from the section “Electromagnetic Phenomena” and from the section “Light” of the curriculum for the subject Physics and Astronomy in grade 10.
The first map explores the concept of the electromagnetic field and the wave nature of light. The second presents the corpuscular-wave dualism of light. In two areas of the map, wave and corpuscular light phenomena are examined. The students' already acquired knowledge, which is the basis for understanding new knowledge, theories and concepts, is also analyzed. The possibilities of concept maps are used to detect students' misconceptions about physical objects and phenomena.
The proposed concept maps, tested in practice, can be used as educational resources for a better understanding of the concept of particle-wave dualism.
Keywords:concept maps in physics education; electromagnetic field; electromagnetic waves; corpuscular-wave dualism, students' misconceptions
Digital Resources for Developing Key Competencies in Studying the Characteristics of Chemical Processes in 10th Grade
Martina Tsenova
Sofia University
https://doi.org/10.53656/nat2025-1.02
Absract. The current education standards implement the pursuit of key competencies focused learning, necessary for living fully in today's society. Among these competencies are the skills to work with data and graphics, which are fundamental to science education. Modern information technologies provide many opportunities for creating and using static and dynamic graphics in chemistry education. The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate digital resources that develop students' skills in creating and analyzing graphs and support the consolidation of knowledge from the study section "Characteristics of chemical processes" in the 10th grade. The created resources were evaluated by 10 chemistry teachers and specialists in the field of chemical education, using a survey containing 20 statements, for which the degree of agreement is indicated on a five-point Likert scale. All statements received an average score of agreement above 4.0, with an average score for the resource of 4.73.
Keywords: Chemistry education; key competences; information and communication technologies in teaching
Perspectives on Food Waste Management and the Green Food Movement
B.H.S. Thimmappa
Alliance University – Bangalore, Karnataka, India
https://doi.org/10.53656/nat2025-1.05
Abstract. Global food waste management poses significant real-world challenges, with environmental, economic, and societal implications. This article discusses the sources, consequences, management aspects and impacts, and green food movement perspectives while highlighting the importance of sustainable food waste management in an intellectually stimulated learning space and practice in the food waste management landscape.
Keywords: Food waste; food waste management; green food movement; consequence of food waste
The Images of Birds in the Ancient Floor Mosaics from Bulgaria from an Ornithological Aspect: Species, Origin and Trade Relations (2nd – 6th c.e.)
Zlatozar Boev
National Museum of Natural History – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
https://doi.org/10.53656/nat2025-1.06
Absract. An attempt has been made to present, summarize and interpret some monuments of fine art from the 2nd – 6th c. A. D. in Bulgaria, which have preserved mosaic images of birds. The modern distribution of some of the depicted birds points to contacts in antiquity with the lands in the Horn of Africa and Hindustan.
Keywords: fine art; history of art; animalistics; ornithological motifs; cultural heritage
Mathematical Modelling of the Transmission Dynamics of Pneumonia and Meningitis Coinfection with Vaccination
ЧЕРНОВА – има формули и означения, които не се копират от текста, но не могат да се копират и като изображение, как да се процедира?
Deborah O. Daniel, Sefiu A. Onitilo,
Omolade B. Benjamin, Ayoola A. Olasunkanmi
Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago Iwoye – Ogun State, Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.53656/nat2025-1.04
Abstract. Pneumonia and meningitis pose substantial threats to global public health due to their high morbidity and mortality rates. This study investigates the dynamics of these diseases with a focus on coinfection and evaluates the effectiveness of vaccination as a control measure. Using a mathematical model, the transmission dynamics are explored and the basic reproduction number is derived to identify conditions for disease-free and endemic states. Numerical simulations analyze the impact of varying vaccination compliance levels, demonstrating that higher compliance significantly reduces the number of susceptible and infected individuals while increasing the vaccinated population. The study emphasizes the need for integrated public health strategies combining vaccination campaigns, efficient vaccine distribution, and supportive medical care to mitigate the burden of pneumonia and meningitis coinfections. These findings provide a framework for designing effective interventions aimed at reducing disease prevalence and improving public health outcomes.
Keywords: Pneumonia; Meningitis; Coinfection; Mathematical Modelling; Transmission Dynamics, Vaccination; Sensitivity Analysis
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