{"id":94860,"date":"2023-10-26T12:11:17","date_gmt":"2023-10-26T09:11:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/?p=94860"},"modified":"2025-08-06T09:54:52","modified_gmt":"2025-08-06T06:54:52","slug":"izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/","title":{"rendered":"Building the Network of Bulgarian Trade Agencies in the Ottoman Empire at the End of the 19th Century \u2013 Challenges, Problems, Solutions"},"content":{"rendered":"

Angel Zlatkov<\/strong>
\nInstitute for Balkan Studies and Centre of Thracology \u2013 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/his2023-5-4-bui<\/a><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> The article examines the challenges in the construction of the network of Bulgarian trade agencies in the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 19th century. Although they officially have consular functions, the Bulgarian representations are an important part of Prime Minister Dr. Konstantin Stoilov’s strategy for solving the Bulgarian national question and the accession of Macedonia to the Principality of Bulgaria. Their task is to counteract the development of foreign propaganda in European Turkey and to become a coordination and management center of Bulgarian legal and illegal organizations. Therefore, the Bulgarian trade agents encountered opposition not only from the Ottoman authorities, but also from the consuls of the neighboring Balkan states and Russia – contenders for the distribution of the Ottoman heritage in the Balkans.
\nThe author uses the rich archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Denominations in Sofia to show the solutions of the Prime Minister to the main problems and to analyze the result of their implementation.
\nKeywords:<\/em> Bulgaria; Macedonia; Ottoman empire; Eastern Question; diplomacy; consular relations<\/p>\nLog in to read the full text<\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0410\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b \u0417\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u0411\u0410\u041d https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/his2023-5-4-bui Abstract. The article examines the challenges in the construction of the network of Bulgarian trade agencies in the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 19th century. Although they officially have consular functions, the Bulgarian representations are an important part of Prime Minister […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":124332423427287,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"bottom","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"0","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"0","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"3","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0418\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0418\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0410\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b \u0417\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u0411\u0410\u041d https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/his2023-5-4-bui Abstract. The article examines the challenges in the construction of the network of Bulgarian trade agencies in the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 19th century. Although they officially have consular functions, the Bulgarian representations are an important part of Prime Minister […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-10-26T09:11:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-06T06:54:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd\"},\"headline\":\"\u0418\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-26T09:11:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-08-06T06:54:52+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/\"},\"wordCount\":235,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/\",\"name\":\"\u0418\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-26T09:11:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-08-06T06:54:52+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0418\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/\",\"name\":\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\",\"description\":\"\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png\",\"width\":250,\"height\":70,\"caption\":\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/nion_azbuki\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd\",\"name\":\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ccbd951212deb604aa2d403575d4e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ccbd951212deb604aa2d403575d4e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/author\/azbuki_ekip\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0418\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0418\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","og_description":"\u0410\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b \u0417\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u0411\u0410\u041d https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/his2023-5-4-bui Abstract. The article examines the challenges in the construction of the network of Bulgarian trade agencies in the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 19th century. Although they officially have consular functions, the Bulgarian representations are an important part of Prime Minister […]","og_url":"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/","og_site_name":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/","article_published_time":"2023-10-26T09:11:17+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-08-06T06:54:52+00:00","author":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/"},"author":{"name":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd"},"headline":"\u0418\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f","datePublished":"2023-10-26T09:11:17+00:00","dateModified":"2025-08-06T06:54:52+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/"},"wordCount":235,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/","url":"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/","name":"\u0418\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-10-26T09:11:17+00:00","dateModified":"2025-08-06T06:54:52+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/izgrazhdane-na-mrezhata-ot-balgarski-targovski-agentstva-v-osmanskata-imperiya-v-kraya-na-xix-vek-predizvikatelstva-problemi-resheniya\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0418\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/","name":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","description":"\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization","name":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","url":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png","width":250,"height":70,"caption":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/nion_azbuki\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd","name":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ccbd951212deb604aa2d403575d4e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ccbd951212deb604aa2d403575d4e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/"],"url":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/author\/azbuki_ekip\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94860"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/124332423427287"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=94860"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94860\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":160887,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94860\/revisions\/160887"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94860"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94860"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94860"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}