{"id":60651,"date":"2019-06-27T13:56:48","date_gmt":"2019-06-27T10:56:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/?p=60651"},"modified":"2025-08-05T10:47:13","modified_gmt":"2025-08-05T07:47:13","slug":"language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/","title":{"rendered":"Language Policies and Language Education in the Period of Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid II: Examples from the Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Pervin Bezirci<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Istanbul University (Turkey)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> One of the issues at the heart of the Ottoman Empire throughout history was education, bearing in mind that education is the guarantee of a nation\u2019s progress. The biggest breakthrough in the field of education in the Ottoman Empire took place during and after the reign of Abdulhamid II. In this period, the language of education and instruction was an important issue in the studies conducted for the dissemination of educational institutions throughout the country. In addition to Arabic Language, the necessity of learning western languages emerged from the times when the Ottoman Empire\u2019s relations with the western stateshad begun to gain traction owing to political developments.In modern schools, some western languages were introduced, especially the French language. Within the scope of this study where the era of Abdulhamid II is prioritized to understand the place of foreign language education within the education system, the general characteristics of the education system of the period are given in brief. Language policies and foreign language education of the period are examined. In addition, some examples from the Collection of Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library, which has a very important place in the education system of Abd\u00fclhamid II period, are introduced and discussed.<br \/>\n<em>Keywords:<\/em> Language education; language policies; Abd\u00fclhamid II period; Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection; Istanbul University Rare Books Library<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pervin Bezirci Istanbul University (Turkey) Abstract. One of the issues at the heart of the Ottoman Empire throughout history was education, bearing in mind that education is the guarantee of a nation\u2019s progress. The biggest breakthrough in the field of education in the Ottoman Empire took place during and after the reign of Abdulhamid II. [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":124332423427287,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"0","fullscreen":"0","sidebar":"","second_sidebar":"","sticky_sidebar":"0","share_position":"","share_float_style":"","show_share_counter":"0","show_view_counter":"0","show_featured":"0","show_post_meta":"0","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"0","show_post_date":"0","post_date_format":"","post_date_format_custom":"","show_post_category":"0","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"","show_post_tag":"0","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"0","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"","single_post_gallery_size":""}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"","trending_post_label":""},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Language Policies and Language Education in the Period of Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid II: Examples from the Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Language Policies and Language Education in the Period of Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid II: Examples from the Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pervin Bezirci Istanbul University (Turkey) Abstract. One of the issues at the heart of the Ottoman Empire throughout history was education, bearing in mind that education is the guarantee of a nation\u2019s progress. The biggest breakthrough in the field of education in the Ottoman Empire took place during and after the reign of Abdulhamid II. [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-06-27T10:56:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-05T07:47:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd\"},\"headline\":\"Language Policies and Language Education in the Period of Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid II: Examples from the Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-27T10:56:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-08-05T07:47:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/\"},\"wordCount\":280,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/\",\"name\":\"Language Policies and Language Education in the Period of Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid II: Examples from the Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-27T10:56:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-08-05T07:47:13+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Language Policies and Language Education in the Period of Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid II: Examples from the Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/\",\"name\":\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\",\"description\":\"\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png\",\"width\":250,\"height\":70,\"caption\":\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/nion_azbuki\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd\",\"name\":\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ccbd951212deb604aa2d403575d4e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ccbd951212deb604aa2d403575d4e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/author\/azbuki_ekip\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Language Policies and Language Education in the Period of Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid II: Examples from the Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Language Policies and Language Education in the Period of Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid II: Examples from the Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","og_description":"Pervin Bezirci Istanbul University (Turkey) Abstract. One of the issues at the heart of the Ottoman Empire throughout history was education, bearing in mind that education is the guarantee of a nation\u2019s progress. The biggest breakthrough in the field of education in the Ottoman Empire took place during and after the reign of Abdulhamid II. [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/","og_site_name":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/","article_published_time":"2019-06-27T10:56:48+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-08-05T07:47:13+00:00","author":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/"},"author":{"name":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd"},"headline":"Language Policies and Language Education in the Period of Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid II: Examples from the Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection","datePublished":"2019-06-27T10:56:48+00:00","dateModified":"2025-08-05T07:47:13+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/"},"wordCount":280,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/","url":"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/","name":"Language Policies and Language Education in the Period of Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid II: Examples from the Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2019-06-27T10:56:48+00:00","dateModified":"2025-08-05T07:47:13+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mathinfo.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/language-policies-and-language-education-in-the-period-of-sultan-abdulhamid-ii-examples-from-the-yildiz-palace-library-collection\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/strategies.azbuki.bg\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Language Policies and Language Education in the Period of Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid II: Examples from the Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace Library Collection"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/","name":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","description":"\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#organization","name":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","url":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/logo-azbuki-e1580374651845.png","width":250,"height":70,"caption":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/nion_azbuki\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd","name":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ccbd951212deb604aa2d403575d4e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d08ccbd951212deb604aa2d403575d4e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/"],"url":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/author\/azbuki_ekip\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60651"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/124332423427287"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60651"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60651\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":80699,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60651\/revisions\/80699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60651"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60651"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60651"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}