{"id":41804,"date":"2017-06-08T11:55:09","date_gmt":"2017-06-08T08:55:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/history\/historyarticles2016-2\/3-xxv-2017\/"},"modified":"2022-07-25T12:48:00","modified_gmt":"2022-07-25T09:48:00","slug":"3-xxv-2017","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/history\/historyarticles2016-2\/3-xxv-2017\/","title":{"rendered":"History, issue 3\/2017, Volume 25"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/a>CONTENTS \/ \u0421\u042a\u0414\u042a\u0420\u0416\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415<\/strong><\/p>\n

VIEW OVER THE BALKAN PENINSULA \/\u00a0<\/strong>VIEW OVER THE BALKAN PENINSULA<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u041a\u044a\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u0422\u0443\u0440\u0446\u0438\u044f (1897 \u2013 1899) <\/a>
\n[To the History of the Bulgarian Secret Revolutionary Fraternity in Turkey (1897 \u2013 1899)] <\/a>
\n\/ \u0422\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440 \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432 \/ Todor Radev \u2013 p. 231
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\u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438 \u0435 \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438? <\/a>
\n[Is Dostoevsky a Defender of the Bulgarians?] <\/a>
\n\/ \u0421\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0435\u044f \u041a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \/ Slaveya Kotova \u2013 p. 252
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CIVILIZATION BOUNDARIES \/ \u0426\u0418\u0412\u0418\u041b\u0418\u0417\u0410\u0426\u0418\u041e\u041d\u041d\u0418 \u0413\u0420\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0426\u0418<\/strong>
\n\u201e\u0410\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u043a\u0438\u201c \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0432 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0438 <\/a>
\n[Early Medieval \u201cArabic\u201d Swords in Bulgarian Lands Today] <\/a>
\n\/ \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0443\u0438\u043b \u041a\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\/ Samuil Kamburov \u2013 p. 268
\nLog in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

\u041a\u043d\u044f\u0437 \u041b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0434 \u0421\u0430\u043a\u0441-\u041a\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0438 (1790 \u2013 1865) \u2013 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 <\/a>
\n[Prince Leopold Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1790 \u2013 1865) \u2013 Genealogy and Initial Public Activity] <\/a>
\n\/ \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u0430 \u0413\u043b\u0443\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \/ Svetla Glushkova \u2013 p. 298
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\u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u201e\u041d\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u201c \u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0433\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0438 1933 \u2013 \u044e\u043d\u0438 1934) <\/a>
\n[Operation \u201cNadolny\u201d and The Soviet-German Relations (January 1933 \u2013 June 1934)] <\/a>
\n\/ \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0443\u0438\u043b \u0428\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0432 \/ Samuil Shivachev \u2013 p. 311
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ANNIVERSARY \/ \u042e\u0411\u0418\u041b\u0415\u0419<\/strong>
\nAd multos annos, \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e! \u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0438 \u041d. \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 60 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438
\n[60 Year Anniversary of Georgi N. Nikilov]
\n\/ \u0421\u0438\u043b\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0410\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \/ Silviya Arizanova \u2013p. 324
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REVIEWS AND ANOTATIONS \/ \u0420\u0415\u0426\u0415\u041d\u0417\u0418\u0418 \u0418 \u0410\u041d\u041e\u0422\u0410\u0426\u0418\u0418<\/strong>
\n\u0421\u043e\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442
\n[Sofia and the Balkan Modernity]
\n\/ \u041c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \/ Mira Markova \u2013 p. 327
\nLog in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0415VENTS \/ \u0425\u0420\u041e\u041d\u0418\u041a\u0410<\/strong>
\n\u0417\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u2013 \u0441 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u2026 \u0425 \u044e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f
\n[About History \u2013 with Love… 10th Jubilee History Olympiad]
\n\/\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0422\u0430\u0431\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \/ Krasimira Tabakova \u2013 p. 330
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\u041a\u0430\u0440\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b \u041b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438
\n[Karlovo in the Year of Vasil Levski]
\n\/ \u0414\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0427\u0430\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u0430 \/ Dora Chausheva \u2013 p. 337
\nLog in to read the full text<\/a><\/p>\n

READ IN THE LATEST ISSUES OF THE \u201eAZ-BUKI\u201c JOURNALS \/<\/strong>
\nREAD IN THE LATEST ISSUES OF \u201eAZ-BUKI\u201c JOURNALS<\/strong><\/p>\n

GUIDE FOR AUTHORS \/ \u0423\u041a\u0410\u0417\u0410\u041d\u0418\u042f \u0417\u0410 \u0410\u0412\u0422\u041e\u0420\u0418\u0422\u0415<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>\u041a\u042a\u041c \u0418\u0421\u0422\u041e\u0420\u0418\u042f\u0422\u0410 \u041d\u0410 \u0411\u042a\u041b\u0413\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0422\u041e\u00a0\u0422\u0410\u0419\u041d\u041e \u0420\u0415\u0412\u041e\u041b\u042e\u0426\u0418\u041e\u041d\u041d\u041e \u0411\u0420\u0410\u0422\u0421\u0422\u0412\u041e\u00a0\u0412 \u0422\u0423\u0420\u0426\u0418\u042f (1897 \u2013 1899)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Todor Radev<\/strong>
\nUniversity of Plovdiv \u201cPaisii Hilendarski\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0441 \u0441\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u00a0\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u0422\u0443\u0440\u0446\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0445\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438, \u0447\u0435 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043d \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0441\u044a\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0410\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0428\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f\u00a0\u0412\u044a\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442. \u0422\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435\u00a0\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u0447\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0422\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u044a\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u00a0\u043d\u0430 \u0412\u041c\u041e\u0420\u041e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0433\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u00a0\u0442\u043e\u0437\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0438\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442.
\nKeywords:<\/em> Principality of Bulgaria; Macedonia; Edirne Thrace; liberating\u00a0nationalism; Bulgarian irredentism<\/p>\n

TO THE HISTORY OF THE BULGARIAN SECRET\u00a0REVOLUTIONARY FRATERNITY IN TURKEY (1897-1899)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> The study addresses specific problems related to the establishment,\u00a0the development and the cessation of the Bulgarian secret revolutionary fraternity in\u00a0Turkey. Special attention is paid to existing hypotheses that the Thessaloniki-based\u00a0organization is a conspiracy concept of the Bulgarian Exarchate, the Bulgarian\u00a0trade agent Atanas Shopov or the Sofia Supreme Macedonian Committee. However,\u00a0these hypotheses are not supported by evidence in the historical sources. The\u00a0version suggested here puts forward the well-grounded position that the birth of the\u00a0Secret Fraternity is an initiative of teachers at the Bulgarian Male High School in\u00a0Thessaloniki, who decided to oppose to the propaganda of the Internal Macedonian-Edirne Revolutionary Organization that was continuously deteriorating the school\u00a0discipline among the students. New historical sources for this unsuccessful\u00a0irredentist project are presented and analyzed accordingly.<\/p>\n

Dr. Todor Radev, Assoc. Prof.<\/strong>
\nPlovdiv University \u201cPaisii Hilendarski\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>\u0417\u0410\u0429\u0418\u0422\u041d\u0418\u041a \u041d\u0410 \u0411\u042a\u041b\u0413\u0410\u0420\u0418\u0422\u0415 \u041b\u0418 \u0415 \u0414\u041e\u0421\u0422\u041e\u0415\u0412\u0421\u041a\u0418?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0421\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0435\u044f \u041a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/strong>
\nSofia University<\/em><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0424\u044c\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440 \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f \u0441\u044a\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0441 \u0410\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0420\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442 1877 \u2013 1878 \u0433., \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044f \u201e\u0414\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u00a0\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u201c. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u0434\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u00a0\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 XIX \u0432., \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u00a0\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u041e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e.
\nKeywords:<\/em> Dostoevsky; diary; Eastern crisis; Russian politics; Ottoman Empire;\u00a0political journalism; April uprising<\/p>\n

IS DOSTOEVSKY A DEFENDER OF THE BULGARIANS?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> The current article focuses on the reasons why Fyodor Dostoevsky believed Russia had to intervene in the Balkan affairs and defend the orthodox slaves and their cause after the anti-ottoman April uprising, which took place in the south\u00a0Danube lands of the empire in 1876.<\/p>\n

Ms. Slaveya Kotova<\/strong>
\nUniversity of Sofia<\/em><\/p>\n

\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>\u201e\u0410\u0420\u0410\u0411\u0421\u041a\u0418\u201c \u0420\u0410\u041d\u041d\u041e\u0421\u0420\u0415\u0414\u041d\u041e\u0412\u0415\u041a\u041e\u0412\u041d\u0418 \u041c\u0415\u0427\u041e\u0412\u0415\u00a0\u0412 \u0414\u041d\u0415\u0428\u041d\u0418\u0422\u0415 \u0411\u042a\u041b\u0413\u0410\u0420\u0421\u041a\u0418 \u0417\u0415\u041c\u0418<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0421\u0430\u043c\u0443\u0438\u043b \u041a\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/strong>
\nSofia University<\/em><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0442 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044a\u043e\u0440\u044a\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044a\u043a \u0431\u043e\u0439, \u0438 \u043f\u043e-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u2013 \u0441 \u043c\u0435\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438. \u041d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u043e\u0440\u044a\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e (\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e) \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e, \u043a\u043e\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u044a\u043c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u044a\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0435, \u0447\u0435 \u0418\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0435 \u043c\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0438. \u0412 \u043d\u0435\u044f \u0441\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u0440\u044a\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0418\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430 \u0438 \u0410\u0437\u0438\u044f. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0445\u043c\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0447\u0430\u043a\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u043e\u0440\u044a\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e, \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0411\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0442\u044f\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 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\nKeywords:<\/em> Early medieval swords; weapons; Balkans; Middle East; Byzantium;\u00a0Arabic caliphate<\/p>\n

EARLY MEDIEVAL „ARABIC“ SWORDS IN BULGARIAN LANDS TODAY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> This article aims at presenting for the first time a different interpretation\u00a0of the origin of part of the archaeological findings from the Bulgarian lands related to\u00a0the Early Middle Ages armament for close combat and in particular with the swords\u00a0and their structural elements. On the basis of parallels and reports from artistic and\u00a0written sources, the examined samples of arms are viewed through the prism of the\u00a0Arab (Middle East) military art, which undoubtedly influenced the development of\u00a0Byzantine military art. It is known that the Eastern Roman Empire (as any empire)\u00a0is multicultural in its population. A large number of cultures scattered across vast\u00a0areas of Eastern Europe and Asia are intertwined. This is the reason why we would\u00a0expect to find the elements of armament, specific for territories far away from\u00a0Balkans and to relate their occurrence on the lands of First Bulgarian Kingdom\u00a0with the direct Byzantium influence. Close attention has been paid to the Middle\u00a0East narratives, which mention the development of Middle East arms centers during\u00a0the Early Caliphate \u2013 VII \u2013 VIII century. The great similarity in the constructive\u00a0meaning of the Early Medieval cut and thrust weapons and their structural elements\u00a0found in the territory of the Balkans and Middle Europe with examples from the\u00a0Middle East, suggests that if not directly imported from Asia Minor \/by commerce,
\nmilitary way or gifts\/they were manufactured under Middle Eastern influence and\u00a0probably represent a derived part of Middle Eastern military art.<\/p>\n

Mr. Samuil Kamburov. PhD student<\/strong>
\nDepartment of Archeology<\/em>
\nUniversity of Sofia<\/em><\/p>\n

\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>\u041a\u041d\u042f\u0417 \u041b\u0415\u041e\u041f\u041e\u041b\u0414 \u0421\u0410\u041a\u0421-\u041a\u041e\u0411\u0423\u0420\u0413\u0421\u041a\u0418 (1790 \u2013 1865) \u2013\u00a0\u0420\u041e\u0414\u041e\u0421\u041b\u041e\u0412\u0418\u0415 \u0418 \u041d\u0410\u0427\u0410\u041b\u041d\u0410 \u0414\u0415\u0419\u041d\u041e\u0421\u0422<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u0430 \u0413\u043b\u0443\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/strong>
\n\u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0442\u044a\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u201e\u0421\u0432.\u0441\u0432. \u041a\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043b \u0438 \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0439\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u00a0\u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043d\u044f\u0437 \u041b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0434 \u0421\u0430\u043a\u0441-\u041a\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0439\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1816 \u0433. \u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043a \u0441\u00a0\u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b \u0428\u0430\u0440\u043b\u043e\u0442. \u0422\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u0435\u043b\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u043b. \u0422\u043e\u0437\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0434 \u043f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043b\u044f\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u00a0\u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442.<\/p>\n

\u041aeywords:<\/em> prince Leopold Saxe-Coburg-Gotha; dynastic marriages; XIX century; German lands<\/p>\n

PRINCE LEOPOLD SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA (1790 \u2013 1865) \u2013\u00a0GENEALOGY AND INITIAL PUBLIC ACTIVITY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> The initial public activity of the German prince Leopold Saxe-CoburgGotha is connected to the major events in Europe, in the beginning of XIX century. The marriages of his sisters with members of the Russian imperial family,\u00a0his physical attractiveness and the bravery that he manifested during the war with\u00a0Napoleon\u2019s armies in 1813 proves him to be the most suitable candidate for marriage\u00a0with the heiress of the British throne Charlotte in 1816. This marriage opens\u00a0great perspectives for him.<\/p>\n

Dr. Svetla Glushkova<\/strong>
\nFaculty of History<\/em><\/p>\n

\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>\u041e\u041f\u0415\u0420\u0410\u0426\u0418\u042f \u201e\u041d\u0410\u0414\u041e\u041b\u041d\u0418\u201c \u0418 \u0421\u042a\u0412\u0415\u0422\u0421\u041a\u041e-\u0413\u0415\u0420\u041c\u0410\u041d\u0421\u041a\u0418\u0422\u0415 \u041e\u0422\u041d\u041e\u0428\u0415\u041d\u0418\u042f\u00a0(\u042f\u041d\u0423\u0410\u0420\u0418 1933 \u2013 \u042e\u041d\u0418 1934)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0421\u0430\u043c\u0443\u0438\u043b \u0428\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0432<\/strong>
\nSofia University<\/em><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0433\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044a\u043d\u0448\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u044a\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u00a0\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438. \u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u201e\u041d\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u201c \u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0444 \u041d\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u2013 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430 (\u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 1933 \u2013 \u044e\u043d\u0438 1934 \u0433.),\u00a0\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0449 \u0434\u0438\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434, \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0441 \u0421\u044a\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u0441\u044a\u044e\u0437. \u0414\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u044f\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0431\u043b\u044a\u0441\u044a\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u044a\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044a\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u00a0\u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043b\u044a\u0441\u044a\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u00a0\u041d\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0441 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d. \u041e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0421\u044a\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u0441\u044a\u044e\u0437 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044a\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u044a\u0449\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00a0\u043a\u044a\u043c \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420, \u043a\u043e\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 1939 \u0433.
\nKeywords:<\/em> USSR; Nazi Germany; Rudolf Nadolny; Sir Eric Phipps; German-Soviet relations<\/p>\n

OPERATION „NADOLNY“ AND THE SOVIET-GERMAN RELATIONS (JANUARY 1933 \u2013 JUNE 1934)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> The article examines the specificities of Soviet-German relations during the first year of the Nazi rule in Germany. The main foreign policy steps of both parties are outlined, as well as the role of their representatives. Operation „Nadolny“ is named after Rudolf Nadolny, a German ambassador in Moscow (August 1933 \u2013 June 1934), a brilliant career diplomat, one of the last great diplomats in the Weimar Republic, a convinced supporter of the policy of close cooperation with the Soviet Union. The clash between the German government and Rudolf Nadolny is clearly evident on the issue of the continuation of Rapal\u2019s policy. This is a clash between the German ambassador\u2019s foresight and pragmatism and the aggressiveness of the new authorities in Berlin. On the other hand, the authorities in Moscow wanted evidence of their safety and continued good relations. Nadolny succeeded to bravely predict Germany\u2019s return to the USSR, which happened in August 1939.<\/p>\n

Mr. Samuil Shivachev, PhD student<\/strong>
\nUniversity of Sofia<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CONTENTS \/ \u0421\u042a\u0414\u042a\u0420\u0416\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 VIEW OVER THE BALKAN PENINSULA \/\u00a0\u041f\u041e\u0413\u041b\u0415\u0414 \u041d\u0410\u0414 \u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0422\u0415 \u041a\u044a\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u0422\u0443\u0440\u0446\u0438\u044f (1897 \u2013 1899) [To the History of the Bulgarian Secret Revolutionary Fraternity in Turkey (1897 \u2013 1899)] \/ \u0422\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440 \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432 \/ Todor Radev \u2013 231 \u0441\u0442\u0440. \u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438 \u0435 \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438? [Is Dostoevsky a […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":94,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"0","fullscreen":"0","sidebar":"","second_sidebar":"","sticky_sidebar":"0","share_position":"","share_float_style":"","show_share_counter":"0","show_view_counter":"0","show_featured":"0","show_post_meta":"0","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"0","show_post_date":"0","post_date_format":"","post_date_format_custom":"","show_post_category":"0","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"","show_post_tag":"0","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"0","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"","single_post_gallery_size":""}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"","trending_post_label":""},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""}},"categories":[3488],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0441\u043f. "\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f", \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 3, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXV, 2017 - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/science.azbuki.bg\/en\/history\/historyarticles2016-2\/3-xxv-2017\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0441\u043f. "\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f", \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 3, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XXV, 2017 - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"CONTENTS \/ \u0421\u042a\u0414\u042a\u0420\u0416\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 VIEW OVER THE BALKAN PENINSULA \/\u00a0\u041f\u041e\u0413\u041b\u0415\u0414 \u041d\u0410\u0414 \u0411\u0410\u041b\u041a\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0422\u0415 \u041a\u044a\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u0422\u0443\u0440\u0446\u0438\u044f (1897 \u2013 1899) [To the History of the Bulgarian Secret Revolutionary Fraternity in Turkey (1897 \u2013 1899)] \/ \u0422\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440 \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432 \/ Todor Radev \u2013 231 \u0441\u0442\u0440. \u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438 \u0435 \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438? 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